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Bones

Bone serves many important functions. Bones support the body, protect underlying organs, and provide a movable skeleton against which the muscles can work. In addition, bone forms all the cells of the blood, plus takes part in calcium and acid-base balance, and storage of trace elements (such as zinc) needed by cells elsewhere. bone as the most lasting parts of the body, bones are traditionally used for ‘mortal remains’. The longest bone is the femur (thigh bone), which accounts for a quarter of one's stature; the smallest bone is the stapes — one of the tiny ossicles in the middle ear which transmits the vibrations from the ear drum to the inner ear. There are over 200 bones in the adult skeleton. They can be divided into two principal types: the long bones such as the femur, tibia, and humerus, which develop principally from within a cartilaginous framework, and the flat bones such as the skull, bones of the pelvis, and scapula, which develop within membranes of fibrous tissue.

Post-thrombotic syndrome

The veins deep in our legs have tiny valves that control the direction of blood flow. A blood clot in a leg vein can cause inflammation and block blood flow, .....

Arthritis

Arthritis is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints. There are over 100 different forms of arthritis. The most common form, osteoarthritis (degenerative joint .....

Wrist drop

Wrist drop, also known as radial nerve palsy, or Saturday night palsy, is a condition where a person cannot extend their wrist and it hangs flaccidly. To demonstrate wrist drop, .....

Backache

"Back pain is pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. Back pain may have a sudden onset or .....

Chest pain

Chest pain is one of the most frightening symptoms a person can have. It is sometimes difficult even for a doctor or other medical professional to tell what is causing .....

Joints pain

Joints form the connections between bones. They provide support and help you move. Any damage to the joints from disease or injury can interfere with your movement and cause a .....

Bone loss

Bone health is measured in two ways. The first is bone density. Bone density defines the thickness of your bone. The second is bone mass. Bone mass means how much .....

Dupuytren's contracture

Dupuytren's contracture is a painless thickening and contracture of tissue beneath the skin on the palm of the hand and fingers. The cause is unknown. Family history of Dupuytren's contracture .....

Epicondylitis

A painful and sometimes disabling inflammation of the muscle and surrounding tissues of the elbow caused by repeated stress and strain on the forearm near the lateral epicondyle of the .....

Fibrositis

A common syndrome in which a person has long-term, body-wide pain and tenderness in the joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues. Fibrositis has also been linked to fatigue, sleep .....

Frozen shoulder

Frozen shoulder is when the shoulder is painful and loses motion because of inflammation. The joint capsule of the shoulder joint has ligaments that hold the shoulder bones to each .....

Intervertebral disc

A intervertebral disc disorder is a condition that involves deterioration, herniation, or other dysfunction of an intervertebral disc. As people age, the nucleus pulposus begins to dehydrate, which limits its ability .....

Low back pain

Perhaps you bent the wrong way while lifting something heavy. Or you're dealing with a degenerative condition like arthritis. Whatever the cause, once you have low back pain, it can .....

Metatarsalgia

Metatarsalgia is a general term used to refer to any painful foot condition affecting the metatarsal region of the foot. This is a common problem that can affect the joints .....

Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis is a disorder of the bone marrow, in which the marrow is replaced by scar (fibrous) tissue. Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside your bones. Stem cells .....

Osteodystrophy

Osteodystrophy is a general term for a dystrophic growth of the bone. It is defective bone development that is usually attributable to renal disease or to disturbances in calcium and .....

Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is infection in the bone. Osteomyelitis can occur in infants, children, and adults. Different types of bacteria typically affect the different age groups. In children, osteomyelitis most commonly occurs .....

Osteomalacia

Osteomalacia is the softening of the bones caused by defective bone mineralization secondary to inadequate amounts of available phosphorus and calcium, or because of overactive resorption of calcium from the .....

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis, the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced, bone microarchitecture deteriorates, and the amount and .....

Otosclerosis

Otosclerosis is an abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that causes hearing loss. The cause of otosclerosis is unknown. However, there is some evidence that it may be passed .....

Polio

Poliomyelitis is a viral disease that can affect nerves and can lead to partial or full paralysis.  .....

Rickets

Rickets is a softening of bones in children due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, potentially leading to fractures and deformity. Rickets is among the .....

Sciatica

Sciatica refers to pain, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the leg. It is caused by injury to or pressure on the sciatic nerve. Sciatica is a symptom of another medical .....

Synovitis

Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. This membrane lines joints which possess cavities, known as synovial joints. The condition is usually painful, particularly when the .....

Tendinitis

Tendinitis, meaning inflammation of a tendon, is a type of tendinopathy often confused with the more common tendinosis, which has similar symptoms but requires different treatment. The term tendinitis should .....

Tennis elbow

Lateral epicondylitis or lateral epicondylalgia, known colloquially as tennis elbow, shooter's elbow, and archer's elbow or simply lateral elbow pain, is a condition where the outer part of the elbow .....

Bone Infection

Infection is invasion of the body with organisms that have the potential to cause disease. Bone infection occurs when bacteria invade bone, either through the bloodstream or by contact with .....

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