Blood

"Blood is a constantly circulating fluid providing the body with nutrition, oxygen, and waste removal. Blood is mostly liquid, with numerous cells and proteins suspended in it, making blood ""thicker"" than pure water. The average person has about 5 liters (more than a gallon) of blood. A liquid called plasma makes up about half of the content of blood. Plasma contains proteins that help blood to clot, transport substances through the blood, and perform other functions. Blood plasma also contains glucose and other dissolved nutrients. About half of blood volume is composed of blood cells: • Red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the tissues. • White blood cells, which fight infections. • Platelets, smaller cells that help blood to clot. Blood is conducted through blood vessels (arteries and veins). Blood is prevented from clotting in the blood vessels by their smoothness, and the finely tuned balance of clotting factors."

Anemia

Anemia is a condition that develops when your blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a main part of red blood cells and binds oxygen. If .....

Blood Infection

Medically, blood infection is known as sepsis or septicemia. In simple terms, it can be described as poisoning of the blood. It occurs due to presence of bacteria in the .....

G6PD deficiency

G6PD deficiency is an inherited condition in which the body doesn't have enough of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, or G6PD, which helps red blood cells (RBCs) function normally. This deficiency .....

Hemorrhage

Bleeding, technically known as hemorrhaging or haemorrhaging, is the loss of blood or blood escape from the circulatory system. Bleeding can occur internally, where blood leaks from blood vessels inside .....

Hematemesis

A regurgitation of blood via the upper gastrointestinal tract is called Hematemesis. The upper part of the gastrointestinal tract includes mouth, stomach, throat, the first part of the small intestine .....

Haematoma

A haematoma, or hematoma, is a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels,[1] usually in liquid form within the tissue. This distinguishes it from an ecchymosis, which is the .....

Dialysis

In medicine dialysis is a process for removing waste and excess water from the blood, and is used primarily to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people .....

HIV Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS is caused by HIV infection. .....

Hypercalcaemia

Hypercalcaemia is the presence of abnormally high levels (hyper) of calcium (calc) in the bloodstream (aemia). It commonly occurs in advanced cancers, in particular multiple myeloma, breast cancer and lung .....

Hypocalcaemia

Hypocalcaemia (or hypocalcemia) is the presence of low serum calcium levels in the blood, usually taken as less than 2.1 mmol/L or 9 mg/dl or an ionized calcium level of .....

Hypercholesterolemia

Hypercholesterolemia, or high cholesterol, occurs when there is too much cholesterol in the body. Cholesterol is a soft, waxy, fat-like substance that is a natural component of all the cells .....

Hypertension

Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood through .....

Hypotension

Low blood pressure, or hypotension, occurs when blood pressure during and after each heartbeat is much lower than usual. This means the heart, brain, and other parts of the body .....

Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia denotes high blood levels of triglycerides, the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms. Elevated levels of triglycerides are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high .....

Hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia is a level of uric acid in the blood that is abnormally high. In humans, the upper end of the normal range is 360 µmol/L (6 mg/dL) for women .....

Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is a lower-than-normal amount of potassium in the blood. Potassium is needed for cells, especially nerve and muscle cells, to function properly. You get potassium through food. The kidneys .....

Hypophosphatemia

Hypophosphatemia is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood. The condition has many causes, but is most commonly seen when malnourished .....

Hypoproteinemia

Hypoproteinemia (or hypoproteinaemia) is a condition where there is an abnormally low level of protein in the blood. There are several causes and all result in edema once serum protein .....

Hypovolemia

Hypovolemic shock is an emergency condition in which severe blood and fluid loss make the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body. This type of shock can cause .....

Ischemia

Ischemia is any reduction in blood flow resulting in decreased oxygen and nutrient supplies to a tissue. Ischemia may be reversible, in which case the affected tissue will recover if .....

Lipoprotein abnormalities

Lipoprotein disorders result from abnormal synthesis, processing, or catabolism of plasma lipoprotein particles. These particles consist of a core of cholesterol ester and triglyceride enclosed in a coat of phospholipids .....

Plasma expander

Plasma expanders are agents that have relatively high molecular weight and boost the plasma volume by increasing the osmotic pressure. They are used to treat patients who have suffered hemorrhage .....

Polycythemia vera

"Polycythemia vera is a bone marrow disease that leads to an abnormal increase in the number of blood cells. It may also result in the overproduction of white blood .....

Thrombophlebitis

"Thrombophlebitis is swelling (inflammation) of a vein caused by a blood clot. The following increase your chances for thrombophlebitis: 1. Being hospitalized for a major surgery or with a major illness 2. .....

Thromboangiitis obliterans

Thromboangiitis obliterans is a rare disease in which blood vessels of the hands and feet become blocked. There is a recurrent acute and chronic inflammation and thrombosis of arteries and .....

Thrombocythaemia

A rare chronic blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of platelets by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow in the absence of an alternative cause. In some cases this disorder may .....

Thrombosis

"Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. When a blood vessel is injured, the body .....

Eosinophilia

Eosinophilia (e-o-sin-o-PHIL-e-uh) is a higher than normal level of eosinophils, one of the five major types of disease-fighting white blood cells. High levels of eosinophils can circulate in your blood .....